Al-Azhar mosque
Months is a mosque and a beacon of science and Islamic thought since its inception more than a year until today .. which is the most important Islamic monuments in Cairo, Egypt When the whole essence of the commander Sicilian writer to Egypt in 358 AH / 969 m by the Fatimid Caliph al-goats to the religion of God was opened to the Fatimid him to end the era of the State Altouleunip and begin the era of the Fatimid state, and if Amr Bin El-Aas Mosque is the first mosque built in Egypt, the Islamic Al-Azhar mosque was the fourth of the mosques built by the first mosque built in Cairo.
The essence of Sicilian proceeded in the construction of this combined with the shortcomings of the Fatimid city of Cairo in which to pray and to be a successor to the call of the year construction began 359 e / 970 m The first Juma prayers of the year 361 AH / 973 m was defined at the University of Cairo
.
Consists of Al-Azhar Mosque: The original planning for the establishment of a mosque as a rectangular area composed of the middle plate and surrounded by three Ieoanat, and three sections of the mosque walls in the three North and South and West. However, over time there have been several developments in the mosque and caused by several changes and additions since the Fatimid era, where we find that it did not go to the mosque until the establishment of the "God-Aziz bin goats" by the conduct of the complementary, in the year 400 AH / 1009 updated "Order of the Governor's Fatimid "and stopped several endowments, as the successor" the matter to God, "the work of the mihrab of the mosque of wood gathering Kufic script writing, and the successor" to the religion of Allah-Hafiz "in the period from 524 to 544 years of e / m 1129-1149 The gallery has been added to A la carte four-locked, and the work of the dome on the front of the berm may remain firm Fatimid mosque of the contracts and the trappings Majaz headdress and literature due to the era of construction, and also keep the decorations on the windows and the writings of the remaining side panels North and South, and illustrate the limits of the Whole in addition to the original that was disclosed of the mihrab of the mosque a year old in 1933. Then, after work and renovations at the Azhar mosque where he Bamarth kings and princes were the renewal of the Mamluk mosque and repaired after years of neglect in a subsequent period, the mosque and caused three schools in the Mamluk era. The main building was a mosque by Sultan Qaitbai (in 873 years of his e / 1468), where the demolition of the great west door, and updated and has a minaret, and in the year 915 AH / 1510 by Sultan Algori the construction of the minaret of the mosque with a huge double header. In the Ottoman era, the rulers of Egypt, and several of the arrested has several endowments and established by a number of corridors and corners. However, the largest building of the mosque had occurred in the era of "Abd al-Rahman Ktkhadda" the year of 1167 AH / 1753 increased the size of the Whole, where a large area as established by the dome and set up the main gate of the mosque now, also in the era of Mohamed Ali Pasha and his family were introduced reforms and renovations to the mosque has been the establishment of a library Al-Azhar Al-Sharif by order of Khedive Abbas Helmi II in 1314 AH / 1896 filed by the treasures of books, manuscripts, Arabic and Islamic, has been the Al-Azhar Mosque is a great role to Egypt such as the League receives many students from outside of the country's Islamic Egypt and was limited to only the religious aspect, where the Al-Azhar University Sharif to serve thousands of students from the Arabs and Muslims, and advocates, and the latest innovations in the building of Al-Azhar mosque was completed and inaugurated by President Mubarak in 1997, which was the use of modern engineering techniques to protect the walls and the foundations of the mosque without any change in the archaeological value of any part which[b]